DBMS-MySQL

   DBMS (Database Management System) 

    1. Introduction

• DBMS stands for Database Management System.

• It is used to store, manage, and retrieve data efficiently.

• Example: MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, MS Access, PostgreSQL.

     2. Database

• A database is a collection of related data.

• It stores data in an organized form (tables).

• Example: A school database may have tables for students, teachers, and subjects.

     3. Table

• Data is stored in rows and columns format.

• Each row represents a record.

• Each column represents a field (attribute).

       4. Advantages of DBMS (Database Management System)-

1. Data Redundancy Control –
   DBMS avoids storing the same data multiple times by centralizing it.

2. Data Consistency –
   Because data is stored in one place, any change is reflected everywhere, keeping data accurate.

3. Data Sharing –
   Multiple users and applications can access the same data simultaneously.

4. Data Security –
   Access to data can be controlled using authentication and authorization features.

5. Backup and Recovery –
   DBMS automatically takes care of data backup and recovery in case of failure.

6. Data Integrity –
   Ensures accuracy and correctness of data using integrity constraints (like primary key, foreign key).

7. Efficient Data Access –
   Provides fast and efficient data retrieval using query optimization.

8. Multiple User Interface –
   Supports different interfaces (forms, queries, reports) for various users.

9. Reduced Application Development Time –
   Common data handling tasks (searching, sorting, etc.) are managed by DBMS, reducing programming effort.

10. Concurrency Control –
    Allows many users to access data at the same time without conflicts.

11. Data Independence –
    Data structure changes do not affect the application program directly.

12. Improved Decision Making –
    Provides accurate and timely data for better analysis and business decisions

Types of Database Model